[Terror on the Turntable] SORCERER: A Stephen King Favorite and Tangerine Dream Classic

Note: This article was originally written in August 2019 for Nightmare on Film Street. However, they recently deleted a bunch of "old" content by former writers, and I decided this was an article worth saving and re-publishing. I hope you enjoy it.

As I began to ponder which score to cover this month, I narrowed it down to a Stephen King adaptation but soon struggled to make a selection. Yes, there's Pino Donaggio's classic work for Carrie, Benjamin Wallfisch's new interpretation for IT, and, of course, AC/DC's hard rockin' score for Maximum Overdrive. However, I really wanted to do the Master of Horror Fiction more justice than that. While these scores are all incredible, I wanted to talk about something a bit more personal to King. And just like that it struck me, Tangerine Dream's score for Sorcerer. Back in 2017, the BFI (British Film Institute) asked Stephen King to compile a list of his favorite films. And while there are some you might expect, such as The Changeling, The Hitcher and The Stepfather, it was King's number one pick that seemed to shock people the most.

My favorite film of all time – this may surprise you—is Sorcerer, William Friedkin’s remake of the great Henri-Georges Clouzot’s The Wages of Fear. Some may argue that the Clouzot film is better; I beg to disagree. - Stephen King

Although not exactly horror, Sorcerer is a terrifying, incredibly tense film that will certainly capture your attention and have you holding your breath. Nipping at the heels of The Exorcist (1973) and The French Connection (1971), Sorcerer came in 1977. At this time, William Friedkin could do no wrong.  He had an Oscar in one hand and the other firmly planted on society's fear center. His work had managed to captivate both critics and civilians alike, and there was a palpable anticipation for what Friedkin would produce next. And then, Friedkin released what would become his favorite work...and also the largest financial disaster of his career; Sorcerer. 

The film starring Roy Scheider (and a small role featuring Maniac's Joe Spinell) is a remake that tells the story of 4 criminals hiding in South America who all take a dangerous, high-paying job transporting nitroglycerin across 218 miles of highly questionable terrain.  If you think this sounds like an elaborate spin-off episode of Ice Road Truckers, you wouldn't really be wrong. The film is a visually stunning, suspense-filled story that is well-executed and impeccably directed. So why did it fail so badly? 

Well, for one, it lacked the surface-level allure innate to The Exorcist and The French Connection's subject matter. Another is that the name is misleading and does not really convey what the film is about. But really, truly, what did the film in was another film released just a month earlier in the US, and the very same day in Canada: Star Wars: Episode IV-A New Hope. How could anything really compete? Yet, like so many films out there, time has been kind to Sorcerer. Given enough years and space, the film has become an inarguable classic as audiences have returned to the film and now appreciate its true merits.

Sorcerer was not an easy film to make. Everything from casting to set design, production, special effects, financing, and its release was fraught with drama, ego and problems. Originally allotted a budget of $15 million, due to delays and various issues, the film ended up costing $21 million. However, there was one area where Friedkin straight-up nailed it from the outset: the score. After attending a Tangerine Dream concert, Friedkin approached the band and quickly commissioned them to compose the music for his upcoming project. In fact, Friedkin has been quoted saying that had he found them sooner, he would have used Tangerine Dream for The Exorcist! Now, that is certainly a score to imagine. 

At the time, he had no footage to show the band, so they went to work off of nothing but a draft script.  Luckily for Friedkin, these were no amateurs. While Tangerine Dream has had a rotating cast of members over the years, in 1977, the lineup included founding members Edgar Froese, Christopher Franke and Peter Baumann. (Just to get a feel of the caliber of musicians involved with the band, other members have included Klaus Schulze, Conrad Schnitzler, Michael Hoenig and Ulrich Schnauss.) Originally founded in 1967, Tangerine Dream had firmly established themselves as pioneers of prog rock and ambitious explorers of electronic music. While the appeal had always been there, the group had never really jumped into the film scoring game.  However, when William freakin' Friedkin showed up and offered them a gig, it seemed meant to be.

Early in the film, the score in Sorcerer is sparse.  And yet, it is due to the restrained utilization of Tangerine Dream's sound that the score becomes a strategically placed emotional cue. We are first introduced to the score, naturally, through the 'Main Title.' Here, we get an ambient, otherworldly swirling of synths and electronic vaguery. The overall vibe is mysterious, dark and brooding. Something is approaching, and while that something remains unknown, it's certainly not good. 

This is a sound that Tangerine Dream fans would have been familiar with. The group, by this time, was well known for its long, exploratory journeys through analog and synthetic soundscapes. At this point, they had released classic albums like Phaedra, Rubycon and Ricochet. True gear nerds, the group had amassed a considerable collection of equipment and was beginning to integrate older Mellotrons, Moogs, sequencers and keyboards with newer synths and custom-made pieces like Baumann's Projekt Elektronik modular synthesizer. 

This opening track seeps into the film with a subtle blend of spooky sounds, both old and new. This combination of technologies creates an interesting dichotomy that gives the music an almost organic, acoustic element to it but in a strange and unfamiliar way. Without giving too much information away, this 'Main Title' gently warns viewers that what they are about to embark on is a bleak and treacherous journey.

Throughout the first half of the movie, the film's sound design puts diegetic sound front and center. We are allowed to feel the street sounds, crowds, weather and even explosions. Through this focus on naturally occurring and visual soundscapes, Friedkin manages to create a visceral visual experience that rivals even that of Tobe Hooper. We feel the heat, the mud, and the sweat. Friedkin's ability to connect the audience with his character's environment is no easy feat, and yet he achieves it beautifully. Short snippets of the score are dropped in quickly but deliberately to convey a transition in the story. Following along with our 4 separate main characters, the puzzle becomes complete when the men's stories intersect and simultaneously become one. It is then that the score similarly becomes a fully integrated part of the puzzle and a fully realized component of the film.

For example, let's talk about the track 'Creation.' When this track is used, we see the men prepping their chosen trucks in an effective montage. The haunting atonal sounds slowly float around the men like a tense, foreboding fog. All these men are running from something, and this is the first real hope they've had in a while. While their focus is on their work, they are always on guard, and the music reflects this underlying tension. The repeating keyboard notes mirror the ever-present danger, while the ethereal, effect-driven guitar reflects the men's inner thoughts and emotional states. Here, Tangerine Dream's expertise in free-form experimental sound truly becomes an asset to the film, as the lack of traditional song structure creates tension and suspense in a beautifully atmospheric way. 

Though the score becomes a more prominent actor in the film from this point on, the sound design continues to play a critical and effective role. At times, the score and sound design become so intertwined it's nearly impossible to decipher one from the other. This melding of the two provides a new level of dread and suspense that works as a subconscious support to the real, visceral fear that is flowing through the men's veins.

While every track of this score is worthy of a listen, there's one final segment I have to address; 'Betrayal.' While the song plays at the very end of the film over the end credits, it is a hugely influential piece of music. Take a listen. I'll wait. Did you immediately think of Stranger Things? Now remember, this is 1977. This was a full year before John Carpenter would introduce the world to Michael Myers and his infamous Halloween theme. 

In this track, we see Tangerine Dream's genius come together in a way that is more digestible by mainstream audiences. There is a semblance of traditional song structure and melody. The dark, pulsing rhythmic notes encapsulate the stressful journey of our main characters in a relatable yet otherworldly way. As the notes swell and fade, a fantastical-like effect is achieved that captivates the listener while addressing the absurdity and tragedy of the story. Here in this track, there is an emotional realism that manages to boil down the separate yet similar journeys of the men. There is no happy ending to this story, and 'Betrayal' solidifies that.

Despite Tangerine Dream being one of several pioneers in this particular arena, I dare to say that 'Betrayal' stands as a substantial mile marker into the synth-driven sonic landscape that would come to dominate, define and endear us to films of the 1980s. Perhaps the best evidence to support this statement comes in the form of another cult classic film, Walter Hill's 1979 classic, The Warriors. While the final touches were still being placed on the film, the first official trailer was released using 'Betrayal' as background music. So here we have a completely separate film, utilizing another film's score in a similar and equally successful way. Even though The Warriors would go on to have a slightly funkier, more rock-driven soundtrack, it's easy to see the connection and lovely to imagine what the film would have been like with Tangerine Dream at the helm. If you haven't already, I urge you to look up the trailer.

While Sorcerer was the first real score that Tangerine Dream created, it certainly wasn't their last.  Before long, they would go on to create scores for films like Thief, Legend, Firestarter and Near Dark. And in great film score tradition, the music to Sorcerer manages to add an incredible layer of depth, emotion and momentum to the film that it's in.  The score also manages to stand alone as an incredible piece of pioneering electronic music from one of the most enduring and influential prog acts of all time. It's a fascinating glimpse into an exciting time in electronic music and a must-have for soundtrack collectors.